| For medical practitioners and osteopaths - Osteopathy Journal Articles Catalog. |
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| Preparing an AIDS policy for colleges of osteopathic medicine Duerfeldt, W. F. (1989), J Am Osteopath Assoc 89(1): 95-103. Abstract: There are currently 1.5 million people in the United States infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. In the next five to ten years, this nation's health care facilities and medical schools could be inundated with staggering numbers of the sick and dying. Unless our osteopathic and allopathic colleges and allied health care centers are adequately prepared for this crisis, many of these people will not receive adequate care. A recent survey conducted by Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine (OU-COM) revealed that many osteopathic colleges do not have a formal policy to deal with the multiple complex issues of the AIDS epidemic. This brief article reviews the approach which OU-COM took to correct this deficiency. In addition, the article includes OU-COM's conclusions and recommendations regarding many of the salient issues, with a discussion of the rationale behind those conclusions. |
| Preparing future osteopathic physicians to practice in the global village Dubin, B. D. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(11): 732-4. |
| Preparing the osteopathic academic health centers for healthcare reform Ross-Lee, B. and M. A. Weiser (1994), J Am Osteopath Assoc 94(4): 320-7. Abstract: Healthcare reform proposals introduced in the House and Senate, put forward by foundations, professional associations and study groups, all call for medical schools to train more generalists. As these agents make recommendations for change, they are studying the osteopathic medical education model with fresh interest because of its success in maintaining more than 60% of its graduates in primary care practice. Most students of reform place the blame for producing too many specialists and sub-specialists squarely on the academic health centers. The authors trace the development of academic health centers and compare and contrast the models developed in the osteopathic and allopathic medical settings. They enumerate the strengths in the osteopathic education model which have contributed to our favorable balance of generalists to specialists. However, they argue that specific changes in the osteopathic academic health center are essential if we are to retain leadership in generalist education under healthcare reform. |
| Prerequisites and requirements for earned fellowship in the American Academy of Osteopathy Barnes, M. W. (1975), J Am Osteopath Assoc 75(1): 121-2. |
| Preserving the osteopathic profession Hauser, L. (1982), Oh 26(1): 17-9. |
| Primary care education in osteopathic medical schools Allen, T. W. (1987), J Am Osteopath Assoc 87(12): 805-6. |
| Primary pulmonary osteosarcoma in dog with associated hypertrophic osteopathy Seiler, R. J. (1979), Vet Pathol 16(3): 369-71. |
| Principles of gerontology for osteopathic medical students Gooding, B. A. and J. Papsidero (1985), Gerontol Geriatr Educ 6(1): 51-61. |
| Proceedings: The response to osteopathic manipulative treatment of a case of brachial plexus neuritis Lacey, R. (1976), J Am Osteopath Assoc 75(5): 531-3. |
| Productivity outcomes for recent grants and fellowships awarded by the American Osteopathic Association Bureau of Research Rose, R. C. and W. C. Prozialeck (2003), J Am Osteopath Assoc 103(9): 435-40. Abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate productivity outcome measures for recent research grants and fellowships awarded through the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Bureau of Research. Recipients of grants and fellowships that were awarded between 1995 and 2001 were contacted by mail, e-mail, or telephone and asked to provide information about publications, resulting grant awards, advances in clinical care, or other notable products that were generated from their projects. For grants funded between 1995 and 1998, 76% of principal investigators reported a notable product from their study. By contrast, for grants funded between 1999 and 2001, only 31% reported a notable outcome. This difference most likely can be attributed to the lag time between the awarding of a grant and actual completion of the project, the processing of the data, and the publication of the results. Several recipients of 1999-2001 grants were optimistic about eventually generating a notable product. Most (79%) of the 1995-2001 fellows met the requirements for successful completion of their project. Many fellows exceeded the minimal requirement by publishing their results, continuing research activity, attracting extramural grant monies, or entering an academic position. It appeared that a much larger proportion of osteopathic fellows went on to academic careers than their counterparts who did not have fellowship training. From 1995 to 2001, the AOA Bureau of Research awarded dollars 3,072,140 in research grants and fellowships. To date, these awards have helped the recipients bring an additional dollars 5,659,329 of extramural funds for research at osteopathic institutions. The Bureau of Research grant and fellowship programs have been successful both scientifically and in terms of financial outcomes. |
| Professional and spatial mobility of osteopathic physicians Hassinger, E. W., L. S. Gill, et al. (1979), Med Care 17(12): 1196-206. Abstract: The study examines changes in location of osteopathic and medical doctors in a 20-county area of rural Missouri over a 14-year period. Losses of osteopathic physicians were greater than medical doctors. However, there was a convergence over the 14-year period in background characteristics of the two types of physicians. The finding of greater spatial mobility of DOs is placed in the context of professional mobility of osteopathy. It is also argued that as practice opportunities for DOs increase, background factors associated with early socialization become more influential in choice of practice sites. The relationship of practice opportunities to choice of practice sites can be extended to foreign medical school graduates and "new health practitioners." |
| Professional identification and affiliation of the 1992 graduate class of the colleges of osteopathic medicine Aguwa, M. I. and D. K. Liechty (1999), J Am Osteopath Assoc 99(8): 408-20. Abstract: This survey of the 1992 graduates of colleges of osteopathic medicine included questions regarding their identification with the osteopathic medical profession from application to medical school through residency training and practice. Findings of the study demonstrate that a large majority of graduates regard the profession positively. However, many express concerns about the limited training in advanced osteopathic manipulative skills, with several indicating a low level of confidence in integrating osteopathic techniques into clinical practice. Study respondents also assert that the osteopathic medical profession has yet to effectively project and promote its distinctiveness to the general public. These factors affect the overall identification and affiliation of the respondents to the osteopathic medical profession. Previous anecdotal and research reports suggested that a migration of graduates into nonosteopathic postgraduate training programs and the de-emphasis of osteopathic manipulative medicine in clinical training sites have created an identity crisis within the profession. These reports stimulated the undertaking of this study. Challenges to the profession addressed in this paper include: (1) requiring advanced training in osteopathic manipulative medicine after the second year of medical school; (2) creating an awareness of the need for increased professional visibility; (3) producing effective public relations strategies to portray the osteopathic medical profession accurately; and (4) generating sufficient funds to carry out these strategies. |
| Professional identity: key to the future of the osteopathic medical profession in the United States Johnson, S. M. and D. Bordinat (1998), J Am Osteopath Assoc 98(6): 325-31. Abstract: The authors have been professionally and personally associated with osteopathic medicine since 1972. During this period, they have observed, from several perspectives, the processes by which trainees and osteopathic physicians inculcate their unique professional identity. Yet, increasingly, the philosophic and practical components that have historically defined osteopathic medicine as a distinctive approach to medical practice are rapidly eroding. Powerful forces associated with such things as professional prestige, public acceptance, professional collaboration with allopathic physicians, as well as changing trainee expectations, are rapidly reshaping the osteopathic medical profession. The degree to which osteopathic medical practitioners embrace the philosophic and clinical components unique to their profession will determine whether the profession retains its identity as a separate medical entity. If the current de-emphasis of these identifying characteristics continues, little more than a name will distinguish osteopathic medicine from the allopathic medical profession. |
| Professionalism: orientation exercises for incoming osteopathic medical students and developing class vision statements Fresa-Dillon, K. L., R. G. Cuzzolino, et al. (2004), J Am Osteopath Assoc 104(6): 251-9. Abstract: The Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine has developed an exercise to introduce professional ethics and behavior at the earliest stages of medical education. During orientation, each incoming class creates a class vision statement. After small group discussions on professional ethics, honesty, and responsibilities, representatives from each group collated student input and constructed a class vision statement reflective of student consensus on these issues. Each vision statement was recited as an oath during the white coat ceremony at the conclusion of the orientation program. Despite the fact that previous vision statements were unavailable to each incoming class, there were many commonalities among the statements created. Central elements of all vision statements include commitment to altruism, compassionate treatment of patients, and honesty and integrity in all professional interactions. Humility, the capacity to recognize and accept one's limitations in knowledge and skills, was also a key element in each statement. Three of four statements specifically recognized the teamwork and mutual respect that should be engendered among all members of the health care team. Each vision statement had prominent statements regarding the learning process during osteopathic medical school and acknowledged the importance of active and lifelong learning in the students' career paths. Student evaluation of this exercise has been positive, especially the recitation of the statement during the white coat ceremony. Results suggest that the development of a class vision statement represents a powerful mechanism for addressing the importance of professional attitudes, behaviors, and ethics at the earliest stages of medical education. |
| Progress and osteopathic education Kelso, A. F. (1971), J Am Osteopath Assoc 70(9): 895-7. |
| Progress in osteopathic research: a review of investigations in the division of physiological sciences, Kirksville College of osteopathy and surgery Wright, H. M. (1962), J Am Osteopath Assoc 61: 347-52. |
| Progress Testing for Postgraduate Medical Education: a Four-Year Experiment of American College of Osteopathic Surgeons Resident Examinations Shen, L. (2000), Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 5(2): 117-129. Abstract: An experiment of progress testing for postgraduate medical education was evaluated for the psychometric properties and evaluation utilities of its outcome. Psychometric analysis emphasized reliability, construct validity, exam structure, and equating quality, while analysis of evaluation value focused on growth trajectories of several cohorts of residents. The analyses concluded that progress testing for postgraduate education was feasible. The value of progress testing for postgraduate medical education assessment was unique and promising. |
| Promoting active engagement with osteopathic principles and practice in interns and residents Cain, R. A. (2005), J Am Osteopath Assoc 105(5): 236-7. |
| Promoting the health and fitness of osteopathic medical students Licciardone, J. C. (1993), J Am Osteopath Assoc 93(10): 1000-1. |
| Proposed amendments to constitution and code of ethics of the American Osteopathic Association Eveleth, T. B. (1957), J Am Osteopath Assoc 56(8): 508-12. |
| Proposed amendments to the code of ethics and by-laws of the American Osteopathic Association Eveleth, T. B. (1960), J Am Osteopath Assoc 59: 853-4. |
| Proposed study to evaluate the effect of osteopathic manipulative therapy in the treatment of the emphysema patient Foellner, R. P., R. M. Taylor, et al. (1968), J Am Osteopath Assoc 67(9): 1075-6. |
| Proposed tenets of osteopathic medicine and principles for patient care Rogers, F. J., G. E. D'Alonzo, Jr., et al. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(2): 63-5. |
| Psychiatric services in osteopathic hospitals Petro, P. (1985), Osteopath Hosp Leadersh 29(3): 22-3. |
| Psychiatry and behavioral science curriculum time in U. S. schools of medicine and osteopathy Webster, T. G. (1967), J Med Educ 42(7): 687-96. |
| Psychosis and osteopathy Patterson, M. M. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(8): 498. |
| Public health and preventive medicine in the curricula of osteopathic medical schools Nelson, M. E. (1983), J Med Educ 58(8): 662-4. |
| Quality assurance in osteopathic hospitals Miller, K. S. (1988), Osteopath Hosp Leadersh 32(3): 22. |
| Quality assurance monitoring of osteopathic manipulative treatment Koss, R. W. (1990), J Am Osteopath Assoc 90(5): 427-34. Abstract: The quality assurance review program of military medicine has implications for civilian osteopathic medicine. Clinical monitors need to be developed that are based on the principles of osteopathy. Components of a quality assurance screening checklist for osteopathic manipulative treatment include credentials of the osteopathic physician, the diagnosis, either somatic dysfunction or other condition, the type of osteopathic manipulative treatment applied, and specific contraindications. A checklist applicable to osteopathic manipulative treatment that could be used by military and civilian sectors is suggested. |
| Quality in osteopathic postdoctoral education Dubin, A. D. (1986), J Am Osteopath Assoc 86(11): 722-3. |
| Quality in predoctoral osteopathic education Tilley, J. P. (1986), J Am Osteopath Assoc 86(11): 719-21. |
| Quality of life in referred patients presenting to a specialty clinic for osteopathic manipulative treatment Licciardone, J. C., R. G. Gamber, et al. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(3): 151-5. Abstract: Previous research has found that patients of osteopathic physicians tend to report poorer general health perceptions than persons in the general population or than patients of allopathic physicians. Quality of life and level of healthcare satisfaction in patients referred to a specialty clinic for osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) at a college of osteopathic medicine were measured in 1997. Data from the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) were used to compute standardized scores in the following eight health scales: physical functioning, role limitations because of physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations because of emotional problems, and mental health. There were 185 patients who returned the survey (mean response rate, 90%), including 22 new and 163 established patients. Patients reported poorer health than the general population on all eight scales (P <.001). Patients frequently reported poorer quality of life than referents with hypertension, congestive heart failure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, recent acute myocardial infarction, or clinical depression. More than 97% of established patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the healthcare received at the clinic. This study suggests that referred patients presenting to osteopathic physicians for OMT may have poorer quality of life than is generally recognized when relying only on traditional diagnostic approaches. Early detection and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions may be important factors in preventing chronicity and its impact on quality of life. |
| Quantifiable effects of osteopathic manipulative techniques on patients with chronic asthma Bockenhauer, S. E., K. N. Julliard, et al. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(7): 371-5; discussion 375. Abstract: In this pilot study, the authors evaluated the immediate effects of osteopathic manipulative procedures compared with sham procedures on 10 subjects who were diagnosed with chronic asthma. The research followed a pretest-posttest crossover design wherein each subject served as her own control. Blinded examiners recorded respiratory excursion, peak expiratory flow rates, and subjective measures of asthma symptoms. Measurements of both upper thoracic and lower thoracic forced respiratory excursion statistically increased after osteopathic manipulative procedures compared with sham procedures. Changes in peak expiratory flow rates and asthma symptoms were not statistically significant. |
| Quantitative assessment of the clavicle radiostructure as a tool for estimation of the osteopathic effect of breast cancer chemotherapy Lesniewski-Kmak, K., K. W. Zielinski, et al. (2002), Breast Cancer Res Treat 73(3): 189-97. Abstract: Radiological structure (trabeculation) of the clavicle was quantitatively evaluated using the chest X-ray images obtained in 36 pre-menopausal women subjected to CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil) chemotherapy. For comparison, the values of the quantitative radiostructural indices were estimated from the X-ray images obtained in 65 age-matched pre-menopausal healthy women and 19 post-menopausal women with clinically confirmed osteoporosis. For the analyses, the high-quality routine chest P-A films were used in which the central segment of the clavicle was well visualised. Evaluation of the skeletal radiostructure was carried out using the original software developed by K.W. Zielinski which, in addition to standardising the quality of the image, calculated the structural density as well as the arrangement and mean thickness of the trabeculae. The results demonstrate in a reproducible way that structural density and mean thickness of the clavicular trabeculae were significantly (p < 0.01) lower in pre-menopausal, CMF-treated and post-menopausal, osteoporotic patients than in healthy, control women. Likewise, the relative radiological density of the clavicle was reduced in the former two groups of women as compared to their control counterparts and the difference approached statistical significance. When the X-ray films were compared in each breast cancer patient before and after the chemotherapy the values of all the three parameters were decreased in up to 86% of the treated patients. Overall, the obtained results demonstrate the significant osteopathic side effect of the CMF chemotherapy in pre-menopausal breast cancer patients. |
| Questioning of OCF should rouse osteopathic response Norton, J. M. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(12): 763-4. |
| Radiological and histological improvement of oxalate osteopathy after combined liver-kidney transplantation in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 Toussaint, C., L. De Pauw, et al. (1993), Am J Kidney Dis 21(1): 54-63. Abstract: A 15-year-old patient with severe bone disease (with bilateral fractures of hips and shoulders) due to primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) was treated with combined liver-kidney transplantation after a 4-year hemodialysis period. Normalization of excessive oxalate synthesis brought in by the liver graft combined with the slow excretion of skeletal oxalate stores by the renal graft led to progressive improvement of clinical, radiological, and histological evidence of oxalate osteopathy. This allowed bilateral hip replacement 3 years after transplantation, which led to complete physical rehabilitation of the crippled patient. Combined liver-kidney transplantation constitutes the treatment of choice for end-stage renal failure due to PH1, even in the face of severe oxalate bone disease. |
| Randomized osteopathic manipulation study (ROMANS): pragmatic trial for spinal pain in primary care Williams, N. H., C. Wilkinson, et al. (2003), Fam Pract 20(6): 662-9. Abstract: BACKGROUND: Spinal pain is common and frequently disabling. Management guidelines have encouraged referral from primary care for spinal manipulation. However, the evidence base for these recommendations is weak. More pragmatic trials and economic evaluations have been recommended. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess the effectiveness and health care costs of a practice-based osteopathy clinic for subacute spinal pain. METHODS: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial was carried out in a primary care osteopathy clinic accepting referrals from 14 neighbouring practices in North West Wales. A total of 201 patients with neck or back pain of 2-12 weeks duration were allocated at random between usual GP care and an additional three sessions of osteopathic spinal manipulation. The primary outcome measure was the Extended Aberdeen Spine Pain Scale (EASPS). Secondary measures included SF-12, EuroQol and Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Health care costs were estimated from the records of referring GPs. RESULTS: Outcomes improved more in the osteopathy group than the usual care group. At 2 months, this improvement was significantly greater in EASPS 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7-9.8 and SF-12 mental score (95% CI 2.7-10.7). At 6 months, this difference was no longer significant for EASPS (95% CI -1.5 to 10.4), but remained significant for SF-12 mental score (95% CI 1.0-9.9). Mean health care costs attributed to spinal pain were significantly greater by 65 UK pounds in the osteopathy group (95% CI 32-155 UK pounds). Though osteopathy also cost 22 UK pounds more in mean total health care cost, this was not significant (95% CI - 159 to 142 UK pounds). CONCLUSION: A primary care osteopathy clinic improved short-term physical and longer term psychological outcomes, at little extra cost. Rigorous multicentre studies are now needed to assess the generalizability of this approach. |
| Rating interest in clinical research among osteopathic medical students Licciardone, J. C., K. G. Fulda, et al. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(8): 410-2. |
| Readers offer suggestions for reforms in osteopathic medicine Gevitz, N. (1993), J Am Osteopath Assoc 93(8): 816; author reply 820, 823-4. |
| Readers offer suggestions for reforms in osteopathic medicine Rosenblum, J. (1993), J Am Osteopath Assoc 93(8): 816-8, 820; author reply 820, 823-4. |