Osteopathy Journal Articles

Record 521 to 560

An osteopathic prescription for medical education reform: Part 2. Specialty mix and community integration
Ross-Lee, B., L. E. Kiss, et al. (1997), J Am Osteopath Assoc 97(8): 463-8.
Abstract: Calls for medical education reform focus on four major criticisms directed at curricular content and context, infrastructure fragmentation, specialty mix, and the lack of integration with community and public health. In the previous article in this two-part series, authors from the osteopathic medical education community focused on uniquely osteopathic reforms for the curriculum and the fragmented educational system. That article documented the leadership position of osteopathic medical education in implementing reforms with respect to these two criticisms. The authors of this second article tackle the osteopathic contributions to workforce issues related to the generalist-to-specialist imbalance, the opportunities to move from a community-based profession to a profession accountable for community health, and the potential for technologic advances to aid in reform in all four areas under consideration in both articles. They conclude that the osteopathic medical profession can lead medical education reform in the United States with visionary leadership in place.

An overview of osteopathic medicine
Lesho, E. P. (1999), Arch Fam Med 8(6): 477-84.
Abstract: Despite an initial lack of acceptance by mainstream medicine, and amidst projections of a serious oversupply of physicians, the osteopathic profession continues to grow, successfully competing for shrinking health care resources and attracting the attention of insurers and those in managed care. However, a recent telephone survey of 800 health maintenance organization beneficiaries suggested that the public is not yet familiar with osteopathic medicine. The history, philosophy, and current status of the osteopathic profession are presented, along with theories of the physiologic basis of and supporting evidence for palpatory diagnosis and manipulative therapy.

Anal duct carcinoma: report of case and a survey of the experience of the American Osteopathic College of Proctology
Biggs, R. L., P. A. Lucha, Jr., et al. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(8): 450-3.
Abstract: Anal duct carcinoma, also known as anal gland carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the anal canal, is an unusual anal cancer that accounts for approximately 0.1% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Delays in diagnosis most likely account for the poor prognosis associated with this cancer. Presenting symptoms often mimic those of more common benign anorectal pathologic processes. Multimodality treatment that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy is often recommended. The authors describe a typical case of anal duct carcinoma and its management. They also discuss the findings of a survey of the combined experience of members of the American Osteopathic College of Proctology and review the literature.

Analysis of exchange transfusions at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathy, August 1959 through January 1961
Lesniewski, J. C. (1962), J Am Osteopath Assoc 61: 466-72.

Analyzing the osteopathic lesion. 1940
Denslow, J. S. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(2): 99-100.

Andrew Taylor Still and the birth of osteopathy (Baldwin, Kansas, USA, 1855)
Hamonet, C. (2003), Joint Bone Spine 70(1): 80-4.
Abstract: Osteopathy has gained ground in recent years and has been seeking recognition in France. Physicians often lack the information needed to answer patients who have derived from the media, advertisements, and other patients what they believe is a clear idea of osteopathy and its twin sister chiropractic. My academic activities led me to the heart of the United States, to Kansas, where settlers and Indians once stood face to face and where wagon trains left daily for the Western territories. There, in Baldwin, Andrew Taylor Still "discovered" osteopathy. I conducted an in-depth study of the birth of osteopathy and of the ideological and cultural influences that shaped this doctrine. The circumstances that surrounded the development of osteopathy deserve to be widely known because they explain how contemporary osteopaths work. Indeed, although the terms are different, the ideology that underlies osteopathy seems unchanged. The history of osteopathy emphasizes the importance of logical thinking in medicine, of the principle of pathophysiological foundation, of diagnostic hypotheses, and of careful treatment selection complying with the rules of deontology and ethics. Osteopathy is without doubt a product of society and perhaps also of vogue. It cannot leave physicians indifferent.

Andrew Taylor Still and the Mayo brothers: convergence and collaboration in 21st-century osteopathic practice
Orenstein, R. (2005), J Am Osteopath Assoc 105(5): 251-4.

Andrew Taylor Still Memorial Lecture: a learning plan for the osteopathic physician
Perrin, W. E. (1982), J Am Osteopath Assoc 81(5): 341-3.

Andrew Taylor Still Memorial Lecture: osteopathic medicine--a second century challenge
Crowell, E. P. (1974), J Am Osteopath Assoc 74(4): 280-3.

Andrew Taylor Still memorial lecture: Osteopathic medicine--is our future past?
Azneer, J. L. (1986), J Am Osteopath Assoc 86(10): 652-57.

Andrew Taylor Still memorial lecture: the osteopathic difference--is it only manipulation?
Siehl, D. (1984), J Am Osteopath Assoc 83(5): 348-52.

Andrew Taylor Still Memorial Lecture: the osteopathic difference--is it only manipulation? 1984
Siehl, D. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(10): 630-4.

Andrew Taylor Still, M.D.: founder of osteopathy
Burns, S. B. and J. L. Burns (1997), J Altern Complement Med 3(3): 213-4.

Another great article on osteopathic manipulative treatment
Zorski, K. C. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(6): 344.

Another view of the "crisis" in osteopathic medicine
Baker, H. H. (1993), Acad Med 68(7): 545-6.

AOA continuing medical education. American Osteopathic Association
Rodgers, D. J. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(11): 597-603.

AOA continuing osteopathic medical education
Reuther, G. A. (1988), J Am Osteopath Assoc 88(11): 1399-402.

AOA membership and board certification of residency graduates: comparison of three programs accepting osteopathic physicians--implications for graduate medical education
Hayes, O. W., 3rd (2004), J Am Osteopath Assoc 104(2): 82-6.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine membership status in the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) and osteopathic board certification status for osteopathic physicians completing osteopathic, allopathic, and dually accredited residency programs. Rates of AOA membership and osteopathic board certification of osteopathic graduates from a dually accredited residency were compared to rates of osteopathic graduates of an allopathic residency in the same training facility. These same two parameters were compared between the dually accredited residency and an osteopathic residency. Osteopathic graduates from the dually accredited residency had significantly higher rates of AOA membership and osteopathic board certification when compared with the osteopathic graduates of an allopathic residency. Moreover, no significant difference existed between the rates of these two measures for osteopathic resident graduates from the dually accredited residency when compared with graduates of an osteopathic residency. Implications of the results are discussed.

AOA research programs and their role in osteopathic medical education
Retz, K. C. (1989), J Am Osteopath Assoc 89(11): 1461-6.

AOHA (American Osteopathic Hospital Association) members enter '90s in good financial health
Judge, J. M. (1990), AOHA Today 34(2): 4-5.

Application of systems analysis to development of educational programs for osteopathic physicians
Kelso, A. F. (1972), J Am Osteopath Assoc 71(5): 448-52.

Applications to osteopathic colleges
Mills, L. W. (1952), J Am Osteopath Assoc 51(11): 541-2.

Aptitude for osteopathic training. 1939
Yarborough, J. U. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(11): 682-4.

Arterial hypertension and hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy associated with aortic valvular endocarditis in a dog
Vulgamott, J. C. and R. G. Clark (1980), J Am Vet Med Assoc 177(3): 243-6.
Abstract: A 5-year-old spayed female Doberman Pinscher was referred for clinical evaluation following two acute episodes of lameness, lethargy, and respiratory dyspnea. The femoral pulse had a bounding "water-hammer" quality. Arterial blood pressures were 280 mm of Hg to greater than 300 mm of Hg during systole and approximately 40 mm of Hg during diastole. Systolic blood pressure was lowered to 210 mm of Hg, using prazosin. Radiography revealed extensive pulmonary interstitial markings and smooth subperiosteal expansions of the long bones indicative of hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy. Despite symptomatic treatment, the dog's health gradually deteriorated, and it died 9 days after referral. Necropsy revealed vegetative endocarditis of the aortic valve. Insufficiency of the aortic valve was believed to be responsible for the systolic hypertension and the hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy.

Assessing outcomes of the educational program of the West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine
Cope, M. K. and H. H. Baker (1993), J Am Osteopath Assoc 93(3): 353-6, 360-6.
Abstract: In education, "assessment" refers to the ongoing, systematic process of identification of goals, development of methods for measuring progress toward attaining those goals, and use of resulting information to make revisions in educational programs. Recently, state-review programs and accrediting agencies have focused review efforts on outcomes of the educational process. The West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine has developed a successful outcomes assessment program that includes information regarding graduates' activities. The school is now considering new programs regarding more comprehensive assessment of clinical outcomes.

Assessing the ability of medical students to perform osteopathic manipulative treatment techniques
Boulet, J. R., J. R. Gimpel, et al. (2004), J Am Osteopath Assoc 104(5): 203-11.
Abstract: While osteopathic and allopathic medicine share many commonalities, there are key practice-based differences that uniquely characterize the two professions. For osteopathic medicine, one such defining feature is the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). Unfortunately, while various treatment modalities are taught in osteopathic medical schools, there has been relatively little work done to establish standardized evaluation protocols. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the use of OMT assessment in the context of a multistation standardized patient examination. Analysis of performance data from 121 fourth-year osteopathic medical students indicated that the ability to do OMT can be reliably and validly assessed using a combination of simulated patient encounters, trained osteopathic physician raters, and an objective rating tool. Additional studies that incorporate a larger sample of students and focus on modifications to the assessment tool and rating protocols are warranted.

Assessment of the postdoctoral training needs of the osteopathic medical profession, 1987 to 1996
Willard, R. L. and W. D. Ward (1987), J Am Osteopath Assoc 87(11): 727-34.

Attitudes of osteopathic physicians toward physician-assisted suicide
Cavalieri, T. A., S. C. Pomerantz, et al. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(1): 27-34.
Abstract: The use of physician-assisted suicide (PAS) in the care of terminally ill patients is controversial. While there are published surveys assessing the attitudes and views of physicians in certain specialties, both nationally and in targeted geographic areas, no such data are available specifically pertaining to osteopathic physicians, who deliver 9% of the primary care in the United States. This article describes a study whose purpose was to identify the views and perspectives of osteopathic physicians on PAS through a national survey. Questionnaires were forwarded to all board-certified internists who are members of the American College of Osteopathic Internists and all surgeons and a random sample of family physicians who are members of the American Osteopathic Association. Physicians were surveyed with initial and follow-up mailings. The 49-item questionnaire was a modified version of the Physician Survey, Center for Ethics in Health Care: Oregon Health Sciences University. Of the 2910 questionnaires that were mailed, 1028 were returned in a usable form, for a 35% response rate. Respondents were predominantly (81%) male and from all parts of the country. Most (58%) would not be willing to prescribe a medication for a competent, terminally ill patient to use with the primary intention of ending his or her own life, and most (55%) would oppose the legalization of PAS. Thirty-three percent of osteopathic physicians admit to receiving requests by terminally ill patients for PAS. Most (53%) osteopathic physicians indicate that the osteopathic principle of holistic care has influenced their decision-making on this issue, and a significant minority (44%) responded that the osteopathic oath influenced their view on PAS. Religion and the degree of prayer frequency were important predictors of the decisions to support or oppose PAS. When compared to other physician surveys, this survey of osteopathic physicians demonstrates some similarities in response but also significant differences. These data suggest that osteopathic education and training may result in a perspective on PAS that reflects the distinctiveness of the osteopathic profession.

Awareness and use of osteopathic physicians in the United States: results of the Second Osteopathic Survey of Health Care in America (OSTEOSURV-II)
Licciardone, J. C. (2003), J Am Osteopath Assoc 103(6): 281-9.
Abstract: The Second Osteopathic Survey of Health Care in America (OSTEOSURV-II), a national telephone survey conducted during 2000 using random-digit dialing, was used to address questions about public awareness of the osteopathic medical profession and use of osteopathic physicians. A total of 499 adult, noninstitutionalized, household respondents were surveyed. The main outcomes included prevalence of and multivariate factors associated with awareness and use of osteopathic physicians. The overall response rate was 64%. The prevalence of awareness, lifetime use, and current use of osteopathic physicians among unscreened respondents was 46%, 16%, and 7%, respectively. Among lifetime users, 84% received primary care; 52%, osteopathic manipulative treatment; and 25%, specialty care. The multivariate factors most strongly associated with awareness of osteopathic physicians were college education (rate ratio RR, 1.86; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.43-2.40), 60 or more years of age (RR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.15-2.01), and Midwest residence (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.05-1.84). Nonwhites, including Hispanics, were less likely to be aware of osteopathic physicians (RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38-0.76). Respondents with college education (RR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.44-3.79), respondents of intermediate age (RR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.12-2.61), and women (RR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.12-2.52) were more likely to report lifetime use of osteopathic physicians. Nonwhites were less likely to report lifetime use (RR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.11-0.57). Greater promotional efforts are needed to increase awareness of osteopathic medicine and to remove barriers to using osteopathic physicians, particularly among nonwhites.

Back pain in osteopathic practice
Burton, A. K. (1981), Rheumatol Rehabil 20(4): 239-46.
Abstract: The case records of 5310 patients attending Registered Osteopaths were examined in this retrospective study. Analysis of the data revealed that over half presented with low back pain and were comparable to those normally seen in orthodox medical practice, except that their symptoms were of longer duration. The patients were generally examined in a conventional manner but it was not possible to identify specific diagnostic categories. The majority received one or more manual therapeutic techniques but 6% were rejected as unsuitable for treatment. The implications of the results for future research are discussed.

Basic principles of osteopathy
Eggleston, A. A. (1950), J Am Osteopath Assoc 49(11): 549-53.

Basic terminology for osteopathic procedures
Rumney, I. C. (1971), J Am Osteopath Assoc 70(12): 1275-88.

Bedside cardiology skills training for the osteopathic internist using simulation technology
Issenberg, S. B., M. S. Gordon, et al. (2003), J Am Osteopath Assoc 103(12): 603-7.
Abstract: Medical practice changes that limit patient availability, instructor time, and advances in technology have led to a greater use of simulators and multimedia computers in medical education. These systems address the problem of inadequate bedside skills training and poor proficiency among all health care providers. While studies have shown their effectiveness among medical students, residents, and practicing physicians, none has focused on the osteopathic internist population--one that is becoming more responsible for conducting initial and follow-up physical examinations. This report describes the use of "Harvey," the cardiology patient simulator, and the UMedic Multimedia Computer System at a workshop conducted at the American College of Osteopathic Internists' 61st Annual Convention and Scientific Sessions. Participants in this study significantly improved their ability to identify common cardiac auscultatory events, as indicated by pretest-to-posttest scores. Workshop participants were nearly unanimous in their belief that they would like to use these tools for learning and assessment.

Benefits of osteopathic manipulative treatment for hospitalized elderly patients with pneumonia
Noll, D. R., J. H. Shores, et al. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(12): 776-82.
Abstract: While osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is thought to be beneficial for patients with pneumonia, there have been few clinical trials--especially in the elderly. The authors' pilot study suggested that duration of intravenous antibiotic use and length of hospital stay were promising measures of outcome. Therefore, a larger randomized controlled study was conducted. Elderly patients hospitalized with acute pneumonia were recruited and randomly placed into two groups: 28 in the treatment group and 30 in the control group. The treatment group received a standardized OMT protocol, while the control group received a light touch protocol. There was no statistical difference between groups for age, sex, or simplified acute physiology scores. The treatment group had a significantly shorter duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment and a shorter hospital stay.

Benefits of osteopathic schools
Blackstone, E. A. (2003), Health Aff (Millwood) 22(1): 282; author reply 282.

Biological significance of piezoelectricity in relation to acupuncture, Hatha Yoga, osteopathic medicine and action of air ions
Lipinski, B. (1977), Med Hypotheses 3(1): 9-12.
Abstract: Piezoelectric properties of biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids and mucopolysaccharides are reviewed in this paper. It is indicated that the structural elements of the human body composed of these piezoelectric substances are capable of transducing a mechanical energy into an electric current. Such a transduction may be brought about by movements of an acupuncture needle, osteopathic manipulations; Hatha Yoga postures or action of negatively charged air irons. It is postulated that electric current induced by stimulation of the specific sites on the surface of human body flows towards the internal organs along the semiconductive channels of biologic macromolecules. Electric current induced either by the piezoelectric transduction or directly applied from an external source may in turn stimulate individual cells in the target organ. Involvement of electrical phenomena in regulatory mechanisms on cellular and molecular levels is discussed.

Biomechanical and osteopathic approach to shoulder pain
Goldman, S. (1989), J Am Osteopath Assoc 89(1): 53-7.
Abstract: One of the most common complaints heard by primary care physicians is shoulder pain. Yet, most shoulder discomfort can be attributed to a variety of physiologic and anatomic dysfunctions outside of the glenohumeral joint. This paper addresses the anatomic and biomechanical mechanisms of shoulder motion and presents a logical approach to diagnosis and osteopathic treatment of the sore shoulder.

Board certification of osteopathic physicians
Ramirez, A. F. (2004), J Am Osteopath Assoc 104(11): 485-92.

Bone resorption and remodelling. Morphologic, biochemical and metabolic studies in the growing osteopathic rat
Lindholm, T. S. (1974), Acta Chir Scand Suppl 449: 1-47.

Bone scintigraphy and radiography in the early recognition of diabetic osteopathy
Tawn, D. J., J. P. O'Hare, et al. (1988), Br J Radiol 61(724): 273-9.
Abstract: Twenty-seven diabetic patients with clinical evidence of neuropathy were investigated by foot radiography, two-phase bone scintigraphy, biothesiometry and cardiovascular autonomic function testing. Typical signs of diabetic osteopathy on radiography were found in 10 subjects (37%), the degree of radiographic abnormality correlating with the severity of neurological impairment. Furthermore, all diabetics with evidence of severe neuropathy showed some evidence of osteopathy on foot radiographs. In all 10 cases of diabetic osteopathy diagnosed radiographically, abnormalities were shown on scintigraphy. In addition, five other patients showed scintigraphic abnormalities, without corresponding changes on radiography, and in this group the neurological impairment was less severe. Although confirmatory longitudinal studies are necessary, it seems likely that the earliest changes of diabetic neuropathic osteopathy may thus be recognized on bone scintigraphy, at a time when conventional radiographs are normal. This stage of diabetic osteopathy is associated with a lesser degree of neurological impairment.

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