Osteopathy Journal Articles

Record 641 to 680

Current threats to osteopathic graduate medical education
Magen, J. G. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(3): 156-60.
Abstract: The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 and continuing changes put into place by the Educational Commission on Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) are altering the environment for graduate medical education (GME) in ways that threaten osteopathic graduate medical education in particular. Hospital revenue is decreasing due to declines in Medicare GME and patient-care reimbursements. The new 3-year rolling average methodology for counting "house staff" makes it likely that unfilled positions will be eliminated. With osteopathic GME positions unfilled and financial resources decreasing, osteopathic medical programs may shrink further. Additionally, the ECFMG has put into place policies that may restrict the number of international medical graduates entering the United States. Approximately 25% of all allopathic GME positions in the United States are filled by international medical graduates. If this applicant pool decreases, allopathic medical programs may turn to osteopathic medical graduates as the only other available pool of individuals to fill program positions. At a time when allopathic internship positions are already unfilled and 30% of osteopathic medical graduates enter allopathic first-year programs, further inroads by allopathic programs could severely impact osteopathic GME efforts.

Curriculum goals for the training of osteopathic family practice residents for the year 2000
Dickerman, J. and P. Rich (1996), J Am Osteopath Assoc 96(3): 181-6.
Abstract: The osteopathic family practitioner of the future will play a larger role in the delivery of healthcare under managed care. To prepare for this role, osteopathic family practice residents must develop skills in direct medical care, medical education, and healthcare administration. Likewise, these residents need to become familiar with the clinical setting in which these skills are needed, specifically, ambulatory, rural, hospital, and minor emergency care environments. We propose the development of a curriculum designed to promote these skills and clinical experiences. This curriculum would expand family practice experiences; replace the current required rotations in specialty medicine with longitudinal rotations designed to develop specific family practice skills; include block rotations in hospital care, minor emergency care, and rural medicine; develop model case assignments to teach residents to integrate their roles as provider, educator, and administrator; and entail clinical experiences in medical administration and education. An evaluation process that reflects the goals of the family practice curriculum is key to the success of such a program.

Dark period in history of osteopathic medicine revisited
Frymann, V. M. (1994), J Am Osteopath Assoc 94(4): 289-90.

Data & trends: 1985 National Survey of Osteopathic Hospitals
Petro, P. (1985), Osteopath Hosp Leadersh 29(6): 13.

Dental equilibration and osteopathy
Magoun, H. I., Sr. (1975), J Am Osteopath Assoc 74(10): 981-91.

Dental problems in general osteopathic practice
Crockett, K. E. (1978), J Kans State Dent Assoc 62(1): 12-6.

Description of fifty diagnostic tests used with osteopathic manipulation
Dinnar, U., M. C. Beal, et al. (1982), J Am Osteopath Assoc 81(5): 314-21.

Destiny of osteopathic profession. 1916
Meacham, W. B. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(10): 626-9.

Detroit Osteopathic Hospital Corporation. Part II--Corporate organization, management and educational programs
Lane, J. P. (1975), Oh 19(10): 16-9.

Detroit Osteopathic Hospital Corporation.first of its kind in the osteopathic community
Miller, M. L. (1980), Mich Hosp 16(4): 22-3.

Development of a general internal medicine unit in an osteopathic medical school
Fitzharris, J. W. (1987), J Am Osteopath Assoc 87(12): 833-6.

Development of the Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): preliminary results
Russo, D. P., S. T. Stoll, et al. (2003), J Am Osteopath Assoc 103(9): 429-34.
Abstract: Little empirical work has been done to examine how osteopathic medical students' attitudes toward osteopathic principles and practice (OPP) develop and evolve over the course of their medical education. A major obstacle to conducting this research is the absence of reliable and sensitive instruments to measure students' attitudes toward OPP. The purpose of this project is to develop a sensitive and reliable instrument to measure students' attitudes toward OPP. Face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted with osteopathic medical students, osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) residents, OMM undergraduate fellows, and three board-certified OMM specialists. These interviews were summarized in a 39-item instrument administered to 127 students at the completion of their core OMM rotation at the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth-Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine. Factor analysis of student responses to the 39 candidate items yielded two interpretable factors. Factor 1 contained 24 items and accounted for 33% of the item response variance, and factor 2 contained four items and accounted for 5.6% of the item response variance. Based on these results, 14 of the original 39 statements were eliminated and the smaller second factor was dropped. Factor 1 contained items reflecting both positive and negative attitudes toward the application of OPP in patient care, the importance of OPP in medical education, and professional distinctiveness. One of the original 39 candidate items was returned to factor 1 because it was judged by the investigators to be consistent with the underlying construct of the scale and helped balance the number of forward-scored and reversed-scored items in the final instrument. Two internal consistency estimates of reliability were computed for the revised 25-item Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): the Spearman-Brown unequal-length corrected coefficient alpha and the split-half reliability coefficients. Estimates for the split-half coefficients were.89 for part 1 and.87 for part 2. The Spearman-Brown coefficient alpha was.93, indicating substantial internal consistency. The 25-item ATOPPS seems to reflect a continuum of positive and negative attitudes toward OPP. This preliminary report documents reliability for the 25-item ATOPPS. With continued support for its construct validity, ATOPPS provides investigators with a reliable tool to assess the development of attitudes toward OPP.

Developments in residency programs for the osteopathic profession
Cummings, M. and L. K. Wayne (1985), J Am Osteopath Assoc 85(6): 391-5.

Dextran sulphate osteopathy in parathyroidectomized rats
Ellis, H. A. and K. M. Peart (1971), Br J Exp Pathol 52(6): 684-95.

Diabetes mellitus with osteopathy and Charcot's arthropathy
Rosenberg, J. N. (1976), Proc R Soc Med 69(9): 705.

Diabetic osteopathy
Griffiths, H. J. (1985), Orthopedics 8(3): 398, 401-6.
Abstract: Diabetic osteoarthropathy is a common constellation of typical radiographic changes seen in the foot of about 0.15% of all diabetics. These changes are vascular calcification, bone resorption and osteoporosis, periosteal new bone formation, neuropathic joint disease, and infection.

Diabetic osteopathy of the foot and ankle
Finby, N., E. Kraft, et al. (1976), Am Fam Physician 14(3): 90-5.
Abstract: Neuropathic osteopathy of the foot and ankle is almost always due to underlying diabetes mellitus. The "Charcot joint," or destructive type, affects the ankle or tarsal area, and the "bone absorption," or mutilating type, usually affects the forefoot. If both types are present in the feet, it is almost certain that the patient is a diabetic. While these findings are usually seen in patients with long-standing, poorly controlled diabetes, they may be the first indication of diabetes.

Diabetic osteopathy: report of a relentlessly progressive case, with clinico-pathologic correlations
Shagan, B. P., S. A. Friedman, et al. (1973), J Am Geriatr Soc 21(12): 561-5.

Differential evolution of the osteopathic and chiropractic professions in the United States
Wardwell, W. I. (1994), Perspect Biol Med 37(4): 595-608.

Diminished use of osteopathic manipulative treatment and its impact on the uniqueness of the osteopathic profession
Johnson, S. M. and M. E. Kurtz (2001), Acad Med 76(8): 821-8.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), a key identifiable feature of osteopathic medicine, is becoming a "lost art" in the profession, and whether the long-term evolution of osteopathic medicine into mainstream medicine and particularly specialization has had a similar impact on the use of OMT by family practitioners and specialists. METHOD: In April 1998, a two-page questionnaire was mailed to 3,000 randomly selected osteopathic physicians in the United States to assess factors affecting their use of OMT. Descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses, and analysis of variance techniques were used to test for differences. RESULTS: The response rate was 33.2%. Over 50% of the responding osteopathic physicians used OMT on less than 5% of their patients, and analysis of variance revealed OMT use was significantly affected by practice type, graduation date, and family physicians versus specialists. For specialists, 58% of the variance regression was attributed to barriers to use, practice protocol, attitudes, and training, whereas for family physicians, 43% of the variance regression was attributed to barriers to use, practice protocol, and attitudes. More important, the eventual level of OMT use was related to whether postgraduate training had been undertaken in osteopathic, allopathic, or mixed staff facilities, particularly for osteopathic specialists. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence supports the assertion that OMT is becoming a lost art among osteopathic practitioners. Osteopathic as well as allopathic medical educators and policymakers should address the impact of the diminished use of OMT on both U.S. health care and the unique identifying practices associated with the osteopathic profession.

Distinctive osteopathic management of the convalescent period
Linnen, R. A. (1952), J Am Osteopath Assoc 51(5): 251-3.

Distribution of health services in Missouri: I. Doctors of medicine and osteopathy
Baker, A. S., F. M. Bishop, et al. (1967), Mo Med 64(10): 856-62.

Do osteopathic physicians differ in patient interaction from allopathic physicians? An empirically derived approach
Carey, T. S., T. M. Motyka, et al. (2003), J Am Osteopath Assoc 103(7): 313-8.
Abstract: Colleges of osteopathic medicine teach osteopathic principles, which provide a different approach to and interaction with patients than principles taught in allopathic medical schools. The authors examined whether osteopathic primary care physicians' interactions with patients reflect the principles of osteopathic medicine when compared with allopathic physicians' interactions. The principles of osteopathic medicine were adapted to elements that could be measured from an audio recording. This 26-item index was refined with two focus groups of practicing osteopathic physicians. Fifty-four patient visits to 11 osteopathic and 7 allopathic primary care physicians in Maine for screening physicals, headache, low back pain, and hypertension were recorded on audiotape and were dual-abstracted. When the 26-item index of osteopathic principles was summed, the osteopathic physicians had consistently higher scores (11 vs. 6.9; P =.01) than allopathic physicians, and visit length was similar (22 minutes vs. 20 minutes, respectively). Twenty-three of the 26 items were used more commonly by the osteopathic physicians. Osteopathic physicians were more likely than allopathic physicians to use patients' first names; explain etiologic factors to patients; and discuss social, family, and emotional impact of illnesses. In this study, osteopathic physicians were easily distinguishable from allopathic physicians by their verbal interactions with patients. Future studies should replicate this finding as well as determine whether it correlates with patient outcomes and satisfaction.

DO questions need for proposed new tenets of osteopathic medicine
Clark, R. C. (2002), J Am Osteopath Assoc 102(6): 306; author reply 306.

Doctors of osteopathy: getting a stronger voice
Kowalski, R. E. (1971), J Am Podiatry Assoc 61(11): 431-3.

Does the osteopathic internship have a future?
Cummings, M. (2003), Acad Med 78(1): 22-5.
Abstract: Since 1984, a new set of realities has generated pressures that are transforming osteopathic graduate medical education (OGME) and forcing it to adapt to changing circumstances. Policy decisions were made that addressed these circumstances, and the impact of these choices moved OGME in new directions. Many of the changes were perceived as positive, but inherent weaknesses were exposed as well. While the appearance and structure of OGME have been significantly altered, nowhere are the changes more apparent than in the traditional osteopathic internship. Compared with 1990, today's osteopathic internship is markedly different in terms of its curriculum, its identity, and its place within residencies approved by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. As a direct consequence of decisions made to expand internship opportunities, the traditional osteopathic internship appears destined to vanish as a distinct educational experience.

DOHC. Part I--a 56 year-old pioneer in the delivery of osteopathic medicine
Lane, J. P. (1975), Oh 19(9): 13-5.

Dr. Gachet: surgeon and osteopath
Ward, R. S. (1953), Physiotherapy 39(9): 244-6.

Drug abuse and alcoholism teaching in U.S. medical and osteopathic schools
Pokorny, A., P. Putnam, et al. (1978), J Med Educ 53(10): 816-24.
Abstract: This is a report of the principal findings of a survey of drug abuse and alcoholism teaching in U.S. medical and osteopathic schools. It was found that required teaching activities during all four years of medical school averaged 25.7 hours, with a range of 0 to 126. The proportion of the total required hours devoted to substance abuse was 0.0 to 3.1 percent, with a mean of 0.6 percent. Schools also differed widely in the number and type of electives offered in drug abuse and alcoholism, as well as in number of clinical assignments available. Findings in osteopathic schools were generally similar. Two factors which were significantly related to the number of required hours were the presence of a career teacher in the addictions and the size of the school.

Education leading to osteopathic certification
Wilkins, F. M. (1986), J Am Osteopath Assoc 86(11): 727-30.

Educational fundamentals in osteopathy. 1946
Thompson, M. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(11): 741-6.

Educational Standards For Osteopathic Colleges
Mills, L. W. (1964), J Am Osteopath Assoc 63: 460-3.

Educational Standards For Osteopathic Colleges
Mills, L. W. (1965), J Am Osteopath Assoc 64: 526-30.

Effect of osteopathic manipulative techniques upon lood flow using the electrical impedance plethysmograph
Marcus, A. J. and I. D. Kernis (1969), J Am Osteopath Assoc 68(10): 1047-51.

Effect of osteopathic manipulative therapy on autonomic tone as evidenced by blood pressure changes and activity of the fibrinolytic system
Celander, E., A. J. Koenig, et al. (1968), J Am Osteopath Assoc 67(9): 1037-8.

Effect of osteopathic manipulative therapy on autonomic tone as evidenced by blood pressure changes and activity of the fibrinolytic system
Fichera, A. P. and D. R. Celander (1969), J Am Osteopath Assoc 68(10): 1036-8.

Effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment of length of stay for pancreatitis: a randomized pilot study
Radjieski, J. M., M. A. Lumley, et al. (1998), J Am Osteopath Assoc 98(5): 264-72.
Abstract: There have been few randomized, controlled studies of the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). In this outcomes research study, the authors randomly assigned patients with pancreatitis to receive standard care plus daily OMT for the duration of their hospitalization (n = 6) or to receive only standard care (n = 8). Osteopathic manipulative treatment involved 10 to 20 minutes daily of a standardized protocol, using myofascial release, soft tissue, and strain-counterstrain techniques. Attending physicians were blinded as to group assignment. Results indicated that patients who received OMT averaged significantly fewer days in the hospital before discharge (mean reduction, 3.5 days) than control subjects, although there were no significant differences in time to food intake or in use of pain medications. These findings suggest the possible benefit of OMT in reducing length of stay for patients with pancreatitis.

Effect of osteopathic medical management on neurologic development in children
Frymann, V. M., R. E. Carney, et al. (1992), J Am Osteopath Assoc 92(6): 729-44.
Abstract: For 3 years, children between 18 months and 12 years of age with and without recognized neurologic deficits were studied at the Osteopathic Center for Children. Their response to 6 to 12 osteopathic manipulative treatments directed to all areas of impaired inherent physiologic motion was estimated from changes in three sensory and three motor areas of performance. Houle's Profile of Development was used to compare neurologic with chronologic age and rate of development, and scores were age-adjusted. Results in children after treatment were compared with those following a waiting period without treatment. Neurologic performance significantly improved after treatment in children with diagnosed neurologic problems and to a lesser degree in children with medical or structural diagnoses. The advances in neurologic development continued over a several months' interval. The results support the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment as part of pediatric healthcare based on osteopathic medical philosophy and principles.

Effect of parathyroidectomy on thyrotropic and lactotropic function in patients with renal osteopathy
Zofkova, I. and I. Sotornik (1995), Nephron 71(3): 284-90.
Abstract: To test the effect of parathyroidectomy on thyrotropic and lactotropic function, a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test was performed before and between the 2nd and 3rd month after operation in 13 haemodialysed patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The thyrotropin response to TRH was higher in the postoperative period as compared with the values before the operation (p < 0.01). The prolactin response to TRH did not differ from the values before the operation. No correlations between thyrotropin response and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), ionised calcium and haemoglobin or haematocrit were found. The lower sensitivity of the thyrotropic system to TRH in patients with renal osteopathy is not dependent on serum PTH or calcium.

Effect of pressure applied to the upper thoracic (placebo) versus lumbar areas (osteopathic manipulative treatment) for inhibition of lumbar myalgia during labor
Guthrie, R. A. and R. H. Martin (1982), J Am Osteopath Assoc 82(4): 247-51.

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