Osteopathy Journal Articles

Record 1361 to 1400

The accreditation process for colleges of osteopathic medicine
Pumerantz, P. (1975), J Am Osteopath Assoc 75(2): 225-7.

The alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking agents and their relationship to osteopathic medicine
Baldwin, W., Jr. (1968), J Am Osteopath Assoc 67(8): 861-70.

The American Osteopathic Association intern registration program
McKillop, W. (1970), J Am Osteopath Assoc 69(5): 505-6.

The anatomy of an OPTI: Part 2. The CORE system. Ohio Osteopathic Hospital Association. Ohio Association of Osteopathic Medical Directors. Ohio Osteopathic Association
Meyer, C. T., R. Portanova, et al. (1997), J Am Osteopath Assoc 97(11): 686-91.
Abstract: In July 1995, the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Board of Trustees passed new regulations regarding the accreditation of osteopathic graduate medical education (GME) by establishing the Osteopathic Postdoctoral Training Institutions (OPTI) system. This system must be phased in by July 1999. The principal changes resulting from the OPTI system include establishing requirements for college cosponsorship of GME programs and for the number of residency programs, interns, and residents to be trained by the OPTI. In essence, OPTI is an osteopathic acronym for consortium. Each OPTI must include at least one college of osteopathic medicine (COM) and one AOA-accredited hospital. The OPTIs will be subject to interval AOA inspections and will be required to demonstrate a governing system, mission statement, organizational structure, and the presence of faculty development programs. The first article in this two-part series, published in the October JAOA, provided a general blueprint for OPTI building and presented both positive and negative issues germane to the formation of OPTIs. Part 2 reinforces the considerations outlined in Part 1 by describing the formation of a large OPTI--the Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine (OU-COM) Centers of Osteopathic Regional Education (CORE) system. Key features are described, including the mission statement, organizational structure, committee system, governance, GME programs, operations, and budget.

The application of osteopathic principles in the management of arthritis
Andrews, E. C. (1955), J Am Osteopath Assoc 55(6): 355-7.

The application of osteopathic therapy in orthopedics
Mac, B. R. (1951), J Am Osteopath Assoc 51(4): 221-4.

The application of the respiratory principle to osteopathic manipulative procedures. 1949
Kimberly, P. E. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(7): 410-3.

The articular facets and the osteopathic spinal lesion
Zukerman, A. G. (1950), J Am Osteopath Assoc 49(5): 237-41, illust.

The autonomic nervous system in osteopathic therapy. 1948
Waitley, D. D. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(10): 653-6.

The birth of a profession: osteopathic medicine
Finlayson, G. (1984), Oh 28(8): 16, 17.

The Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination, COMLEX-USA: a new paradigm in testing and evaluation
Osborn, G. G., F. G. Meoli, et al. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(2): 105-11.
Abstract: Medical licensure in the United States demands a dynamic and current means to evaluate the competency of physicians seeking to practice medicine. A systematic measuring tool is required--one that is based on actual patient encounters and how physicians should apply their knowledge and skills to the clinical setting according to their level of training and professional development. Osteopathic physicians have a distinctive approach to healthcare, applying the biopsychosocial model with emphasis on the neuromusculoskeletal system. A component of this distinctive approach is a high level of knowledge and skill in the application of osteopathic manipulative treatment. Developed by the National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners, COMPLEX-USA is the new sequential three-level examination process for osteopathic medical licensure in the United States. The examination process is interdisciplinary and highly clinical, with even basic science components tested within a clinical context. Examination content is based on wide expert consensus and data consistent with osteopathic medical education, training, and practice. Its design is a novel multidimensional structure that emphasizes clinical problem-solving skills and osteopathic principles and practice within the context of life cycle, gender, ethnicity, and points of service. Design schemata and blueprints are included along with descriptions of strategic research and development. COMPLEX-USA represents the most appropriate pathway for initial licensure for a distinctive and unique professional: the osteopathic physician in the United States.

The correlation of osteopathic lesion components with abdomino-visceral disease
Rentz, L. E. (1968), J Am Osteopath Assoc 67(9): 1063.

The crisis in osteopathic medicine
Meyer, C. T. and A. Price (1992), Acad Med 67(12): 810-6.
Abstract: During the last 30 years the osteopathic profession has undergone a remarkable transformation from osteopathy, characterized by manipulative therapy, to osteopathic medicine, characterized by full-service health care, and in the process it has won acceptance from the government, the military, and physicians. These changes in status have resulted in new problems for the profession, because D.O. graduates are turning increasingly toward M.D. programs for residency training, and osteopathic medicine's primary care orientation is being replaced by an emphasis on specialty training. The authors advocate that osteopathic medicine return to its original mission of primary care, abandon specialty training or restrict it to those who have completed primary care residencies, abolish its separate-but-equal posture, and establish lines of communication with allopathic medicine and the American Medical Association to facilitate the development of a rational national policy for primary care that considers the potential osteopathy has to offer in meeting the nation's primary care needs.

The destiny of the osteopathic profession: the osteopathic difference
Patterson, M. M. (2001), J Am Osteopath Assoc 101(10): 625.

The dilemma of osteopathic physicians and the rationalization of medical practice
Eckberg, D. L. (1987), Soc Sci Med 25(10): 1111-20.
Abstract: Years ago, Peter New observed that osteopathic medical students faced a dilemma concerning their identity. On the one hand, they wished to be considered complete medical practitioners. On the other hand, they wished to be seen as different from MDs. There is evidence that osteopathic physicians continue to face that dilemma. I hypothesize that in part this stems from a conflict between classical 'lifestyle commitments' of the osteopathic community (e.g. toward general practice, osteopathic manipulative therapy, holism) and the rationalized model of medicine practiced by MDs (characterized by specialization and scientific elitism). Results of a survey of a local population of osteopathic physicians generally confirm this. Specific findings are that (1) classical elements of osteopathic commitment are not tied to commitment to the profession in general, (2) there appears to be a waning of commitment to general practice, (3) an increasing number of osteopathic physicians used the DO degree as a 'back door' into medicine and are less likely to identify with classical osteopathic norms, and (4) DOs from socially conservative backgrounds are more likely than others to maintain commitment to the classical elements of osteopathic practice.

The drive for professionalization in British osteopathy
Baer, H. A. (1984), Soc Sci Med 19(7): 717-25.
Abstract: This article examines the drive by osteopaths for professionalization in Great Britain. Whereas osteopathy evolved into osteopathic medicine and became part of the medical mainstream in the United States, osteopathy diffused from America to Britain around the turn of the century where it continues to function as a marginal profession. In an effort to overcome their marginality osteopaths have established associations and schools, lobbied for state recognition, created an umbrella organization to transcend intraprofessional rivalries, formed voluntary registers and redefined the scope of their practice. In addition to presenting an overview of these strategies for professionalization, I argue that the ability of osteopaths to obtain legitimacy depends upon convincing political and economic elites that they are useful in compensating for contradictions of capital-intensive, high technology medicine.

The effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment on immune response to the influenza vaccine in nursing homes residents: a pilot study
Noll, D. R., B. F. Degenhardt, et al. (2004), Altern Ther Health Med 10(4): 74-6.

The effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment on the resistance of rats to stressful situations
Greenspan, J. and J. Melchior (1966), J Am Osteopath Assoc 65(11): 1205-9.

The effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment as complementary therapy following surgery: a prospective, match-controlled outcome study
Jarski, R. W., E. G. Loniewski, et al. (2000), Altern Ther Health Med 6(5): 77-81.
Abstract: CONTEXT: Osteopathic manipulative treatment has been reported to relieve a variety of conditions, but no studies have examined the outcome effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment as a complementary modality for treating musculoskeletal problems during postoperative recovery. OBJECTIVE: To assess osteopathic manipulative treatment as a complementary therapy for patients undergoing elective knee or hip arthroplasty. DESIGN: Prospective, single-blinded, 2-group, match-controlled outcome study. SETTING: Osteopathic teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Of 166 eligible patients, 38 were assigned to a treatment group and matched with 38 control subjects. INTERVENTION: The treatment group received osteopathic manipulative treatment on postoperative days 2 through 5. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Days to independent negotiation of stairs, distance ambulated, supplemental intramuscular analgesic use, length of hospital stay, and patients' perceptions of treatment. RESULTS: Compared to control subjects, the intervention group negotiated stairs 20% earlier (mean = 4.3 postoperative days, SD = 1.2; control subjects 5.4, SD = 1.6, P =.006) and ambulated 43% farther on the third postoperative day (mean = 24.3 m, SD = 18.3; controls = 13.9, SD = 14.4, P =.008). The intervention group also required less analgesia, had shorter hospital stays, and ambulated farther on postoperative days 1, 2, and 4. CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving osteopathic manipulative treatment in the early postoperative period negotiated stairs earlier and ambulated greater distances than did control group patients.

The emerging concept of the osteopathic lesion. 1948
Korr, I. M. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(7): 449-60.

The establishment of the Chiropractic & Osteopathic College of Australasia in Queensland (1996-2002)
Walker, B. F. (2005), Chiropr Osteopat 13(1): 3.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: For chiropractors and osteopaths after graduation, the learning process continues by way of experience and continuing education (CE). The provision of CE and other vocational services in Queensland between 1996 and 2002 is the subject of this paper. METHODS: The Chiropractic & Osteopathic College of Australasia (COCA) implemented a plan, which involved continuing education, with speakers from a broad variety of health provider areas; and the introduction of the concepts of evidence-based practice. The plan also involved building membership. RESULTS: Membership of COCA in Queensland grew from 3 in June 1996 to 167 in 2002. There were a total of 25 COCA symposia in the same period. Evidence-based health care was introduced and attendees were generally satisfied with the conferences. DISCUSSION: The development of a vocational body (COCA) for chiropractors and osteopaths in Queensland was achieved. Registrants in the field have supported an organisation that concentrates on the vocational aspects of their practice.

The evaluation of specific manipulation in osteopathic therapy
Chandler, L. C. (1949), J Am Osteopath Assoc 49(4): 183-7.

The evolution and functions of the national board of examiners for osteopathic physicians and surgeons
Bradford, S. G. (1968), J Am Osteopath Assoc 67(5): 566-9.

The evolution of osteopathic manipulative technique: the Spencer technique
Patriquin, D. A. (1992), J Am Osteopath Assoc 92(9): 1134-6, 1139-46.
Abstract: The Spencer technique is a standardized series of shoulder treatments with broad application in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. The evolution of this technique is traced from 1916 to date to try to identify factors in the development of manipulative methods. Few suggestions about the basic steps to be followed in developing any new manipulative technique were seen. Of chief importance were changes in sequence, the addition of steps, and the combination of one technique with another, as in the addition of muscle-energy methods to each step. One change, accidentally introduced in the 1970s, displaced a critical step in the procedure. The principal element guiding the development of the Spencer technique appears to be clinical necessity interpreted in terms of anatomy and pathology.

The evolution of professional identity: the case of osteopathic medicine
Miller, K. (1998), Soc Sci Med 47(11): 1739-48.
Abstract: The osteopathic medical profession was founded in the late 19th century and has become an accepted part of the medical establishment in the United States. Throughout its history, the osteopathic medical profession has attempted to define itself in a way that differentiates osteopathy from other alternative therapies and situates the profession as responsive to the changing health care needs of the American public. This article examines identity within the osteopathic profession by examining the ways in which the profession has created, maintained, and changed its identity in its over century-long existence. The case analysis presented here involves the examination of identity statements culled from several osteopathic data sources. The identity statements represent four specific time periods within the osteopathic profession: the founding statements of A. T. Still, statements from 1915 through 1935 when the scope of osteopathic identity was expanding, statements from 1954 through 1974 in which the osteopathic profession dealt with internal and external threats in developing a "separate but equal" identity, and recent statements from a osteopathic student web site that illustrate current and future views of osteopathic identity. The results of this case analysis highlight the role of the social environment in establishing and changing professional identity, the importance of an occupational founder in shaping the articulation of identity, and the tension between identity and practice within the osteopathic medical profession.

The first 40 years of osteopathic medicine in New Jersey
Thompson, R. L. and C. Chico (1984), J Med Soc N J 81(9): 798-801.

The first century of osteopathic medicine in the United States of America
Mercer, S. R. (1978), Trans Stud Coll Physicians Phila 45(3): 127-37.

The function of the osteopathic profession: a matter for decision
Korr, I. M. (1959), J Am Osteopath Assoc 59: 77-90.

The importance of referencing osteopathic medical literature
DeBias, D. A. (1999), J Am Osteopath Assoc 99(11): 558, 560.

The influence of osteopathic manipulative therapy in the management of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease
Howell, R. K., T. W. Allen, et al. (1975), J Am Osteopath Assoc 74(8): 757-60.

The influence of osteopathic manipulative therapy on a patient with advanced cardiopulmonary disease
Howell, R. K. and R. E. Kappler (1973), J Am Osteopath Assoc 73(4): 322-7.

The integration of neurosciences in the teaching of undergraduate neurology in osteopathic medicine
Jacobson, L. E. (1973), J Med Educ 48(9): 869-71.

The Interdisciplinary Generalist Curriculum Project at Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine
Blavo, C. and D. C. Steinkohl (2001), Acad Med 76(4 Suppl): S104-8.
Abstract: Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine (Nova Southeastern) proposed for its IGC Project to match students with community-based generalist physician role models through partnership with a managed care organization (MCO). An unanticipated corporate merger between the initial managed care partner and another health plan resulted in Nova Southeastern's negotiating training partnerships with multiple MCOS: Other program elements that differed from what was originally proposed include provision of an interactive utilization management session at a hospital or skilled nursing facility, rather than a headquarters-based utilization management rotation; combining multiple learning experiences for students within a single MCO session; having a portion of the training take place at field-based sites outside MCO headquarters or after normal business hours (i.e., MCO physician committee meetings); and recruitment of physician mentors through a variety of means and not just through MCOS: The current goals emphasize preparing students to have a working knowledge of managed care principles and practice that can be applied in any medical field and setting. This goal contrasts with the original goal of preparing students for jobs "within" managed care. The IGC Project is viewed at Nova Southeastern as the flagship of interdisciplinary curricular changes in the training of tomorrow's physicians.

The irony of osteopathic medicine and primary care
Cummings, M. and K. J. Dobbs (2005), Acad Med 80(7): 702-5.
Abstract: Osteopathic medicine is strongly identified with primary care. In the past 20 years, several factors have influenced this relationship, resulting in significant changes in the postdoctoral training of doctors of osteopathic medicine (DOs). Growth in colleges of osteopathic medicine spilled over into postdoctoral programs of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), creating a number of consequences. More than ever, osteopathic physicians are filling voids in ACGME primary care residency positions left vacant by U.S. medical graduates. Many allopathic primary care residencies have created parallel-accredited (American Osteopathic Association/ACGME) programs in hopes of tapping into this supply of DOs. In turn, osteopathic training institutions have shifted their educational emphasis in support of nonprimary care residencies. As a result of these changes, there is a strong element of irony in the underlying reasons for osteopathic medicine's link to primary care, why osteopathic training institutions are emphasizing specialty residencies, and the new responsibility of allopathic programs in training the next generation of primary care DOs.

The launch of Healthcare Choice: an osteopathic-based IPA
Campbell, T. M. (1984), Oh 28(6): 11, 23.

The management of breech presentation; a two-year study from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit Osteopathic Hospital
Matthews, J. G., M. K. Miller, et al. (1954), J Am Osteopath Assoc 54(2): 130-5.

The Management Of Hypertension By Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy
Johnson, A. M. (1963), J Osteopath (Kirksvill) 70: 50-3.

The mechanism of anatomical structure in its relation to osteopathy. 1911
Bernard, H. (2000), J Am Osteopath Assoc 100(7): 444-8.

The medical computing curriculum at the University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine
Yonuschot, G. and D. Shoeman (1985), J Am Osteopath Assoc 85(4): 264-7.

The mode of inheritance of craniomandibular osteopathy in West Highland White terrier dogs
Padgett, G. A. and U. V. Mostosky (1986), Am J Med Genet 25(1): 9-13.
Abstract: Craniomandibular osteopathy is a disease of several breeds of dogs, principally West Highland White and Scottish terriers. It is characterized by a non-neoplastic proliferation of bone on the ramus of the mandible and/or the tympanic bulla. The disease in various respects resembles Paget's disease and infantile cortical hyperostosis of humans. A retrospective pedigree analysis of a kindred of West Highland White terriers was performed to determine if the trait was inherited and to determine mode of inheritance. This study indicated that in West Highland White terriers, the condition is an autosomal recessive trait.

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